I will add that something like a broken refrigerated container, loaded in a U.S. port, which requires greater repair service than can be provided onboard, will be a J.A. violation if it is left in a U.S. port. Even if it will never leave that port area and get on the next U.S. ship coming through and carry on to its destination. Companies will actually weigh the cost of that J.A. violation versus a cargo loss in those situations.
@Jnx Transshipment is a thing. It all has to do with port of load and port of discharge.