I was of the impression that most icebreakers, whether classed as heavy, medium or light, built in the last decades are equipped with Azipods /Azimuth thrusters or diesel-electric propulsion. (??)
Diesel-electric propulsion has been mainstream since the 1930s. However, there are a few icebreakers with mechanical drivetrain and controllable pitch propellers. In case of Aiviq, this is due to the fact that it was built for offshore work and icebreaking was not its primary mission. Geared diesels, controllable pitch propellers and nozzles are a cheap solution for maximizing bollard pull. They are just not that good in ice. Some icebreakers make do with oversized “ice flywheels” to increase shaftline inertia, but Aiviq does not appear to have them.
Oh, and Kronprins Haakon has Kongsberg’s mechanical Z-drive thrusters, not Azipods.