When I took the class in crew management the instructor mentioned that captain’s style in the old Star Trek changed in the new one.
I recently finished Forester’s The Good Shepard. The main character, the captain is very similar to Hornblower, upgraded to receive information from sonar as well as lookouts.
It occurred to me check on Captain Kirk, according to Wikipedia he is in fact based on Hornblower.
The character is in part based on C. S. Forester’s Horatio Hornblower hero,[25] and NBC wanted the show to emphasize the captain’s "rugged individualism
Not only did Shatner take inspiration from Roddenberry’s suggestion of Hornblower, but also from Alexander the Great – “the athlete and the intellectual of his time” – whom Shatner had played for an unsold television pilot two years earlier. In addition, the actor based Kirk partly on himself because “the fatigue factor [after weeks of daily filming] is such that you try to be as honest about yourself as possible”.[28] A comedy veteran, Shatner suggested making the show’s characters as comfortable working in space as they would be at sea, thus having Kirk be a humorous “good-pal-the-captain, who in time of need would snap to and become the warrior”.[29]